金观平:让市场回归公平竞争的本源|无码人妻21p
市场经济的健康发展离不开有序竞争,但愈演愈烈的低价“内卷”正在突破市场竞争的边界和底线,扭曲了市场机制,扰乱了公平竞争秩序,给高质量发展带来不利影响。日前召开的中央财经委员会第六次会议直指痛点,研究纵深推进全国统一大市场建设问题时,强调“依法依规治理企业低价无序竞争,引导企业提升产品品质,推动落后产能有序退出”。这是推动企业向价值链中高端攀升的有效途径,也是不断增强我国经济韧性的有力举措。
对我们这样一个发展中大国来说,拥有超大规模且极具增长潜力的强大国内市场,是我国经济独特优势所在。建设一个高效规范、公平竞争、充分开放的全国统一大市场,我们就有了集聚资源、激励创新、升级产业、推动增长的坚实依托,就有了应对变局、开拓新局的强大底气。
但一段时间以来,光伏组件低至每瓦6角多、百余款车型加入降价行列、储能系统中标价格屡创新低……“逐低”而非“竞高”的“内卷”之下,过多资源、要素投入低效竞争,抑制了企业创新活力的释放,削弱了行业整体竞争力,阻碍了供需间高水平动态平衡的形成,影响了全国统一大市场建设向纵深推进,必须加以整治。
低价“内卷”背后,有阶段性供需错配的困境,有高标准市场体系还不健全的原因,有市场出清机制受到行政力量干预的影响,也有部分企业追求眼前利益的短视。持续优化公平竞争的市场环境,需要更刚性的规则守护。依法依规治理企业低价“内卷”,才能实现“投资有回报、企业有利润、员工有收入、政府有税收”的良性循环。
依法依规治理企业低价“内卷”,重点是“依法依规”。中办、国办印发《关于完善价格治理机制的意见》,强调“防止经营者以低于成本的价格开展恶性竞争”;深入实施《公平竞争审查条例》《公平竞争审查条例实施办法》等规章制度,加强公平竞争审查刚性约束;反不正当竞争法完成修订,新增规范“内卷式”竞争专条,将于今年10月15日起施行……瞄准“问题清单”,坚持法治先行。相关法律法规的出台和完善,都在为市场竞争划定清晰的行为准则。
入法入规只是制度性治理的开始,完善法律法规之后就是强化执法。相关部门应加大执法力度,对那些突破法律法规和市场竞争边界的低价无序竞争行为,发现一起、查处一起,形成震慑效应。同时,加大质量监督检查力度,坚决打击侵权假冒、制假售假行为,共同维护优胜劣汰的市场秩序,有效发挥市场机制的活力和作用。
破“内卷”不是不要竞争,而是合力让市场回归公平竞争的本源。当企业从一味地低价竞争中抽身,转向比拼谁技术过硬、谁更懂用户、谁更能创造市场,向价值链中高端攀升的通道就会打开,迎来更加广阔的发展空间。(本文来源:经济日报 作者:金观平)
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