大尺度人类基因组DNA合成和跨物种转移新技术取得突破|白又丰满大屁股bbbbb
中新网天津7月11日电 (记者 孙玲玲)近日,合成生物技术全国重点实验室、天津大学合成生物与生物制造学院元英进院士团队实现大尺度(兆碱基Mb)人类DNA的精准合成组装与跨物种递送,研究成果于7月10日在《自然-方法》(Nature Methods)刊发,论文名为“从头组装兆碱基尺度人类基因组DNA并递送至小鼠早期胚胎”(De novo Assembly and Delivery of Synthetic Megabase-Scale Human DNA into Mouse Early Embryos)。该成果是人类基因组合成和转移技术的重要进展,对合成人类基因组具有重要意义。
据介绍,人类基因组的从头设计与合成面临两大核心技术瓶颈:首先,人类基因组中超过50%的区域由高度复杂的重复序列构成,其精确合成与准确组装存在显著技术难题;其次,超大片段DNA的高效跨物种转移尚未突破,这成为合成基因组功能验证的关键技术障碍。这些技术瓶颈极大地限制了合成基因组学在高等生物中的应用与发展。元英进院士团队最新的研究成果在这两个关键方面均取得了突破性进展。
该研究创新性地建立了名为SynNICE的技术体系,基于这一技术体系平台,研究人员在小鼠早期胚胎模型中成功捕捉到从头DNA甲基化(de novo DNA methylation)的建立的模式,证实从头建立的表观遗传修饰对调控合成基因组基因转录的关键作用。
北京大学教授、新基石研究员汤富酬认为,这一合成生物学领域的重大突破对于人类疾病治疗带来广阔的应用前景。例如,目前基因修饰猪的器官异种移植给人类的研究已经接近临床应用水平,但是目前的猪器官移植给人类的目标是其功能维持两三年的时间,给患者等待人类供体器官移植一个窗口期,最终还是要靠人类供体器官的移植来解决患者长期生存的问题。元英进院士团队开发的SynNICE技术为基因修饰猪的基因组进行大规模改造提供创新性技术方案,可能使得猪的器官移植给人类时的异种免疫排斥强度逐渐降低到人类种内器官移植的水平,这样猪的供体器官移植给人类后其功能就有望从维持两三年增加到维持数十年,彻底解决人类器官移植供体短缺的世界性和世纪性难题。(完)
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