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中新网天津11月4日电 (江莹)4日，天津市卫生健康委召开季节与健康(冬季)新闻发布会，疾控专家介绍，从目前监测数据来看，与我国北方省份的趋势类似，天津市已进入冬季呼吸道传染病的高发期，流感高峰期或出现在11月下旬到12月上旬。面对呼吸道传染病病原多样性，预防感染关键在于增强自身免疫力、切断传播途径、保护重点人群。
会上，天津市疾病预防控制中心传控所呼吸道传染病控制科科主任、主任医师董晓春表示，目前监测到的流感病毒主要为甲型H3N2型，预计其将成为本流感流行季前期的优势毒株。当前传播的病原体呈现出多种病原体共同流行的特点，同时也存在多种病原体混合感染的情况。除流感病毒外，呼吸道合胞病毒、鼻病毒等活动水平排名靠前。
据介绍，流感病毒是冬季最常见的呼吸道传染病之一，传播速度快，主要表现为高烧、头痛、肌肉酸痛和显著的乏力感，严重者也引起肺炎等并发症；呼吸道合胞病毒多见于低龄儿童，是婴幼儿急性下呼吸道感染(如毛细支气管炎)的主要病原；而鼻病毒通常引起普通感冒，症状相对较轻。随着流感等多种呼吸道病原体活动增加，要特别关注冬季呼吸道传染病引起聚集性疫情可能，学校等集体单位出现疫情的风险较高。
董晓春提醒，预防感染关键在于构建坚固的“个人健康防线”。全面提升自身抵抗力，建立“物理屏障”，有效切断传播途径。加强“重点保护”，降低重症发生风险。尤其老年人、儿童、孕妇以及患有心脑血管疾病、糖尿病、慢性呼吸道疾病等基础性疾病的人群，是感染后易发展为重症的高风险人群。积极接种疫苗，做好健康监测，一旦出现发热、咳嗽等呼吸道症状，应居家休息，避免带病上班、上学，并及时就医。(完)
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